Caffè espresso or simply
espresso is a
concentrated beverage brewed by forcing hot water under pressure through finely ground coffee.
Espresso was invented in Italy as far back as 1884. It often has a
thicker consistency, a
higher concentration of suspended solids, and foam. As a result of the pressurized brewing process, all of the flavours and chemicals in a typical cup of coffee are
very concentrated. For this reason,
espresso is the
base for other drinks, such as
lattes, cappuccino, macchiato, mochas, and
americanos.
In Italy,
espresso bars providing a place for socialization. The
coffee prices were
controlled by local authorities, provided that the coffee was consumed standing up, encouraging the "stand at a bar" culture. If customers prefer sitting down to drink it, prices will
double, say, a 2-Euro cup of coffee will cost 4-Euros (when seats are required). The
size of a cup of espresso is usually
smaller than that of cappuccino.
In the Anglo-speaking countries,
espresso became popular particularly in the form of
cappuccino, due to the tradition of drinking coffee
with milk and the
exotic appeal of the
foam; in the
United States this was more often in the form of
lattes, particularly with flavored syrups added. The latte is claimed to have been invented in the 1950s by Italian American Lino Meiorin of Caffe Mediterraneum in Berkeley, California, as a long cappuccino, and was then popularized in
Seattle by
Starbucks in the late 1980s and 1990s.
For myself, I prefer cappuccino to expresso because the latter is too strong for me and I like the rich milky taste of cappuccino and the wonderful picture at the top of the foam.